올림포스 영어독해기본(1) 13강 변형

One of the biggest reasons people are concerned about making a mistake in a speech is that they ____ speechmaking as a performance rather than an act of communication.

They feel the ____ is judging them against a scale of absolute perfection in which every misstated word or awkward gesture will count against them.

But speech audiences are not ____ judges in a violin recital or an ice-skating contest.

They are not looking for a virtuoso performance, but ____ a well-thought-out address that communicates the speaker’s ideas clearly and directly.

____ an error or two can actually enhance a speaker’s appeal by making her or him seem more human.

Some ecosystems, ____ a wide range of sites and purposes, are constructed by humans.

For example, we may construct shallow ponds or a series of canals known as bioswales that collect runoff ____ surface water.

Marsh plants, such as cattails, when planted in ponds or canals, use and remove nutrients in water that’s ____ to them as a waste or pollutant, helping clean the water.

Specially designed wetland ecosystems have been constructed where ____ and plants process mine wastewater and help remove toxins from water.

Other large-scale ecosystems are constructed to partially treat urban ____

Human-constructed ecosystems are part of what is known ____ biological engineering.

Mobile communications have changed the way we interact with our computers and, as more time is spent ____ mobile devices, emoticon use has followed.

Cellular phones, smartphones, tablets, and similar technologies have penetrated the world at an enormous rate and non-voice ____ have become the norm rather than the rule.

In 2013, the number of mobile subscriptions almost equaled ____ estimated number of individuals that made up the global population in the same year.

Users of these technologies have posted, pinned, tweeted, sent and/or received billions of electronic ____ through public or private (text messages, emails, etc.) means.

These communications media have become so prolific, researchers have worried that face-to-face ____ could become extinct.

When a region of the emotional brain is overexcited ____ to frustration, sadness or any other intense emotion, the child is not able to contain their mood.

This is when the tantrums occur ― ____ in which the child closes in on themself and is not able to do what they are told ― or comments are made which the parents find hard to deal with.

Literally, the child is ____ themselves, outside their rational part.

To help them calm down, and to see reason, the best ____ is a hug and an empathic reflection of the situation to defuse the intensity of the emotion.

A spoken word will form a bridge between the two worlds, allowing the child’s rational brain to help soothe their emotions, or at least give them the ability to ____ to what their parents are saying.