올림포스 영어독해기본(1) 9강 변형

If you were a high ____ in your work before becoming a manager, you may find the journey into management particularly difficult.

Because of their previous success, stars are understandably reluctant to give up the attitudes and practices they think produced their success thus far, and they’re unwilling to change ____

They don’t know how to develop ____ coach people because they never needed much coaching themselves, or so they believe.

They don’t know how to deal with people who lack their motivation. Because they’ve never failed, they’ve had ____ practice reflecting on and learning from experience.

____ wonder many former stars turn into mediocre/average bosses.

If you were a star, be aware that the very success that produced your promotion can ____ work against you.

Action takes place by choosing which ends shall ____ satisfied by the employment of means.

Time is scarce for man only because whichever ends he chooses to satisfy, there are others that must ____ unsatisfied.

When we must use a means so that some ends remain unsatisfied, the necessity for ____ choice among ends arises.

For example, Jones is engaged in ____ a baseball game on television.

He is ____ with the choice of spending the next hour in: (a) continuing to watch the baseball game, (b) playing bridge, or (c) going for a drive.

He would like to do all three of ____ things, but his means (time) is insufficient.

As a result, he must choose ; one end can be satisfied, but ____ others must go unfulfilled.

Suppose that he ____ on course A.

This is a clear indication that he ____ ranked the satisfaction of end A higher than the satisfaction of ends B or C.

Environmental stresses cause changes in the genetic makeup of a population by favoring certain gene variants more ____ others.

This is, in fact, the ____ way that populations can adapt rapidly to changes in their environment without mutations being required to produce new adaptations.

It is ____ the reason why populations with genetic diversity are more likely to survive in the face of change.

However, ____ is another side of this phenomenon related to human impacts on populations.

Toxins added to ____ environment create selection pressure for individuals that are more tolerant of the toxins.

One negative impact of this is that it can reduce the genetic diversity ____ a population.

Another problem occurs if the organism is a pest and the toxin ____ contained in, for example, a pesticide.

As a result of the selection pressure, the population seems to develop tolerance ____ the toxin.

The ____ then becomes less effective.

People’s happiness depends ____ on their absolute wealth, but rather on their wealth relative to those around them.

In one experiment, two capuchin monkeys were initially perfectly content with a reward of cucumbers when ____ successfully performed a task.

But when one monkey was later given tastier grapes as a reward, the monkey receiving plain old cucumbers became enraged, angrily throwing the previously satisfactory salad vegetable at ____ handler.

The monkeys’ economy had grown, since grapes are better than ____

But the ____ inequality brought only discontent.

Humans are the same. ____ employees at the University of California were given information about the salaries of their peers,

those discovering they were paid below the average ____ became less satisfied and more likely to seek a new job.

The attitudes of those earning above the average ____ happily unaffected.