올림포스 영어독해기본1 10강 변형

Many developmental theorists and researchers, ____ those studying human as well as nonhuman primate subjects, have recognized the role that fear can play in a primate’s social development.

When an infant is frightened it always seeks out its mother for protection and safety, and all exploratory and play activity stops until the ____ has been sufficiently comforted and reassured by its attachment object.

Thus, frequently frightened infants will very likely have less time to explore and fewer opportunities to play than will ____ who are not.

Such voluntary restraints may serve to slow down the social development of ____ or anxious infants if these tendencies are maintained throughout their childhood years.

Many developmental theorists and researchers, including those studying human as well as nonhuman primate subjects, have recognized the role ____ fear can play in a primate’s social development.

When an infant is frightened it always seeks out its mother for protection and safety, ____ all exploratory and play activity stops until the infant has been sufficiently comforted and reassured by its attachment object.

Thus, ____ frightened infants will very likely have less time to explore and fewer opportunities to play than will infants who are not.

Such voluntary restraints may serve to slow down the social development of ____ or anxious infants if these tendencies are maintained throughout their childhood years.

Our complex brains might have evolved to establish strong social bonds, but defining what should be ____ of that social group appears to be rather flexible.

For instance, some people treat their pets as if they are members ____ their family, and believe they can relate to the pets’ needs, desires, fears and dreams.

Others see animals as distinct from humans and wouldn’t think of talking to one ____ if it was a friend.

Many people keep the ashes of a deceased loved one nearby, believing those ashes continue to serve as some ____ to their existence.

Even if inanimate objects don’t have a distinct personality, many of us still ____ certain human characteristics to non-human objects or beings, such as pets, dolls or even cars and memorabilia.

Our complex brains might have evolved to establish strong social bonds, but defining what should be part of that ____ group appears to be rather flexible.

For instance, some people treat their pets as if ____ are members of their family, and believe they can relate to the pets’ needs, desires, fears and dreams.

Others see animals as distinct from humans and wouldn’t think of talking to one as ____ it was a friend.

Many people keep the ashes of a deceased loved one nearby, believing those ashes continue to serve as some link ____ their existence.

Even if inanimate objects don’t have a distinct personality, many of us ____ attribute certain human characteristics to non-human objects or beings, such as pets, dolls or even cars and memorabilia.

Although the ____ to be alone is often strong, its intensity varies from person to person.

An equally impelling impulse, though, is to ____ the company of others and to spend extended periods of time sharing activities.

In these periods we exchange information and feelings in both conversational and non-verbal forms ____ expressions, eye contact, gestures, touching, and so on).

We need other people to provide us with love, support, approval, bodily contact, ____ physical help and a myriad of other practical, physical and emotional needs.

In a very basic sense we need others to confirm that we are there, that we exist ____ that we have an identity that is unique and separate from anyone else.

Thus, we generally cannot exist for too ____ without seeking companionship.

Although the wish to be alone is often ____ its intensity varies from person to person.

An equally impelling impulse, though, ____ to seek the company of others and to spend extended periods of time sharing activities.

In these periods ____ exchange information and feelings in both conversational and non-verbal forms (facial expressions, eye contact, gestures, touching, and so on).

We need other people to provide us with love, ____ approval, bodily contact, reassurance, physical help and a myriad of other practical, physical and emotional needs.

In a very basic sense we need others to confirm that we are there, that we exist and ____ we have an identity that is unique and separate from anyone else.

Thus, we generally cannot exist for too long without seeking ____

At ____ end of the spectrum of transformations was the forest gardening as practiced by the peoples of New Guinea and Amazonia that mimicked natural growth and left minimal traces on the land.

At the other end was monoculture: cultivating only one species ____ plant or raising only one species of animal.

The beginnings of monoculture can be seen in the wheat ____ of the Middle East, the rice paddies of China, and the herds of sheep and goats on the Eurasian steppe.

Biologically speaking, these species suddenly became very successful, measured by their ____ of survival and reproduction.

So did other, unwanted species. Crops that ____ or were stored after harvesting attracted rats, mice, sparrows, and roaches.

Water pools provided habitats for mosquitoes. Garbage and ____ or animal waste attracted flies.

Thanks to ____ weeds and pests were also biological winners.